English 197: Digitalizing Culture

Professor William Warner

Class: 2635 South Hall: TR 12:00-1:15PM

2507 South Hall; warner@humanitas.ucsb.edu

Office hours: Thursday 3:00-4:00, and by appointment.

 

In the years immediately following World War II, scientific work in areas like ballistics, encryption, and computing culminated in the development of the modern digital computer and new disciplines called cybernetics or information technology.  At the center of this work was the use of digital code—sequences of 0’s and 1’s—to accomplish tasks of communication and computation at speeds unattainable by ordinary means. Slowly, these developments in computer science and information theory have penetrated many regions of social life. Digitalizing has not just introduced the computer into our everyday lives or “jacked” us into the Internet. It has also produced new cultural myths, new technologies of the body, and new forms of entertainment. This course will try to understand these developments by studying three kinds of writing in relation to one another.

1)       A few (user friendly) classic texts from the early theory of digital communication: by Alan Turing, Norbert Weiner, Vannevar Bush, and others. These texts help to give an historical grounding to our understanding of digitalization.

2)       What are the underlying forms of digital culture and their implications for the way we live? Theories of new digital media offer cogent critical analysis of some of the new forms of digital media: the digital visual, the network, the database, and virtual reality. Digitalization poses urgent social issues: for example, the plasticity, variety, and pervasiveness of the new digital media have intensified long-standing worries that “media determines culture,” but they have also liberated us to reinterpret the human as an information system (a cyborg). 

3)       Since the earliest days of digitalization, the work of computer scientists and science fiction writers have been incited by the idea that a computer can be understood as a brain, the brain as a computer. Is this a fruitful scientific hypothesis or a fraught rivalry? Does it herald the end of humanism or a life-enhancing alliance? What happens when computers get small and begin to change the way we see, hear, and touch? when molecular biology allows us to reinterpret organisms as machines? We will seek a nuanced and critical understanding of this exchange between the human body and the computer in texts and films like, I, Robot (Asimov) 2001/ A Space Odyssey (Clarke/Kubrick); A Cyborg Manifesto (Haraway), Neuromancer (Gibson), Snow Crash (Stephenson), and The Matrix.

 

Week 1: Introducing the Digital

4/3: Introduction

4/5: Katherine Hayles, “The Condition of Virtuality” [R]; Seminar assignments

 

Part I: The Beginning of Digitalization: Turning, Weiner and Cybernetics

Week 2: Computer Intelligence and Human Intelligence

4/10: Alan Turing, “Computing Machines and Intelligence” (1950) [R]

Wed. 4/11: Workshop I: 5:00-6:00PM

4/12: Isaac Asimov, I, Robot

 

Week 3: Cybernetics and the Robot

4/17: Norbert Weiner essays [R]

4/19: Workshop II (developing team Websites) 

 

Week 4: Virtual Reality: Seminar led by Michael Heim

4/24: (no class at 12:00; special class at 4:00-6:30PM): Michael Heim, "From Interface to Cyberspace," [R], and “VR 101” [R]

Screening Wednesday, April 25, 5-7PM: 2536 South Hall: Stanley Kubrick, 2001: A Space Odyssey

4/26:  Discussion, Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey; Philip K. Dick, “Preface,” [R] and Henry Jenkins [W])

 

Part II: the Cyborg, Cyberspace, and Cyberpunk Fiction

Week 5: the Cyborg

5/1: Arthur C. Clark, 2001: A Space Odyssey

5/3: Donna Haraway, “A Cyborg Manifesto” [R]

 

Week 6: Cyberspace

5/8: William Gibson, Neuromancer

5/10: Neuromancer and

 

Week 7: the Digital Visual

5/15: Lev Manovich. “What is Digital Cinema?” [R]

5/17: Preview and update on web-teams

 

Week 8: the Network

5/22: Neil Stephenson, Snow Crash

5/24: Snow Crash

 

Week 9: The Database

5/29: Lev Manovich, “Database as Symbolic Form” [R]

Screening: Wednesday, April 30, 5-7PM: South Hall 2536: Larry and Andy Wachowski, The Matrix

5/31: Andy and Larry Wachowski, The Matrix ; Sean Fanning and the invention of Napster

 

Week 10: Seminar Web Project presentations

6/5: Web projects

6/7: Web projects

 

Required texts: (my purchased at the UCEN or in Isle Vista)

  1. Isaac Asimov, I, Robot. New York: Bantam Books
  2. Arthur C. Clarke, 2001/ A Space Odyssey. New York: Penguin Books (25th anniversary edition).
  3. William Gibson, Neuromancer. New York: Ace Books.
  4. Neil Stephenson, Snow Crash. New York: Bantam Books
  5. English 197 Course Reader

Readers may be purchased at the Alternative Copy Shop; 6556 Pardall Road; Isla Vista (968-1055).

 

Requirements:

1)      Brief Seminar Presentation: Each member of the seminar will be asked to offer a short (2-3 typed page) introduction to some aspect of the seminar’s text. Here you should develop a specific topic in relation to the text we are discussing. Please make copies for each member of the seminar.

2)      Web site: Due June 7, 2001. 2 or 3 seminar members can collaborate on a web site relevant to the subject of the course. Your team may stay quite close to the issues and topics of the seminar, or range quite far into a topic relevant to “digitalizing culture.” Web novices should not worry; there will be plenty of tech support and graduate student support to help you do your web pages.

3)      Final seminar paper (7-9 pages long), upon a specific topic within your broader web page topic, should be published on your web site and presented to me in hard copy form.

 

Ground rules:

A well functioning class is a collaborative endeavor. For this reason I ask you to respect these ground rules:

1)    Attendance is required. Please arrive on time for a full 75-minute class.

2)    Reading assignments are an indispensable part of seminar work; the care and quality of your reading will determine the quality of both our discussions and your independent web project and paper.

3)    Format: Please print your class presentation and your final paper on 8 ½ X 11” paper, with 1” margins in (12 point) font. Papers should have a works cited list.

4)    Breakdown of grade: class attendance and participation: 25% class presentation 15%; final web site 25%; and final paper 35%.

5)    In order to help you with your web projects and paper, I will schedule talks with each of you during and outside of my office hours. However, feel free to come by my office hours (Thursday 3-4PM), or email me to make an appointment to talk…about the content of the course, a special problem, or just to talk.

 

Useful links:

The UCSB English Department website: www.english.ucsb.edu

The Transcriptions Project website: http://transcriptions.english.ucsb.edu/

Our course web site:

http://transcriptions.english.ucsb.edu/courses/warner/english197/